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초급 예제

누구나 쉽게 따라해볼 수 있는 쉬운 예제들입니다. 가볍게 도전~!

피에조 부저-멜로디 연주하기

2016-05-03 13:56:27

개요

　

피에조 부저는 아두이노를 사용할때 간단히 소리를 낼 수 있는 자그만한 모듈입니다.

피에조 부저는 피에조 효과를 이용하여 소리를 내는데 전압을 걸어주면 얇은 막의 미세한 떨림으로 소리를 내게 됩니다.

피에조 부저의 원리는 단순하더라도 2만Hz이상의 초음파를 출력할 수 있기 때문에 다양하게 사용이 가능합니다.

　

아래 주파수에 맞게 피에조 부저에 신호를 준다면 피에조부저에서는 그에 맞는 옥타브 음계가 출력됩니다.

　

　

　

　

피에조 부저의 소리는 악기와 비교했을 때 듣기에는 썩 아름답지는 못해도 적절히 주파수만 맞춰준다면 나름 괜찮은 멜로디를 표현할 수 있습니다.

 

지니어스 키트 예제를 따라한다면 피에조 부저를 통해 간단한 소리를 출력할 수 있는데 이번 튜토리얼에서는 여러 멜로디 소스를 업로드 시켜서 간단한 멜로디를 출력해 보겠습니다.

　

　

　

부품 목록

 

NO 부품명 수량 상세설명
 1 오렌지 보드 1   
2  피에조 부저  1  KPX 1203S 
3 브레드 보드  1   
4 점퍼 케이블  2  
부품명 오렌지 보드 피에조 부저 브레드 보드 점퍼 케이블
파트

　

　

 

하드웨어 making

 

브레드 보드

　

　

전자 회로도

 

 

 

소프트웨어 coding

 

학교 종이 땡땡땡

#define C 262 // 도 
#define D 294 // 레 
#define E 330 // 미 
#define F 349 // 파 
#define G 392 // 솔 
#define A 440 // 라 
#define B 494 // 시 

int piezoPin = 8; // 부저의 ⊕극을 오렌지 보드 8번에 연결 
int tempo = 200; // duration 옵션 값 설정 
int notes[25] = { G, G, A, A, G, G, E, G, G, E, E, D, G, G, A, A, G, G, E, G, E, D, E, C }; 

void setup() { 
  pinMode (piezoPin, OUTPUT); 
} 

void loop() { 
  for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) { 
    tone (piezoPin, notes[ i ], tempo); 
    delay (300); 
  } 
  delay(100); // 멜로디 중간에 짧게 멈추는 용도 

  for (int i = 12; i < 25; i++) { 
    tone (piezoPin, notes[ i ], tempo); 
    delay(300); 
  } 
}

 

　

　

　

반짝반짝 작은별

int speakerPin = 8;

int length = 15;

char notes[] = "ccggaag ffeeddc ggffeed ggffeed ccggaag ffeeddc "; 
int beats[] = { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4 };
int tempo = 300;

void playTone(int tone, int duration) {
  for (long i = 0; i < duration * 1000L; i += tone * 2) {
    digitalWrite(speakerPin, HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(tone);
    digitalWrite(speakerPin, LOW);
    delayMicroseconds(tone);
  }
}

void playNote(char note, int duration) {
  char names[] = { 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'a', 'b', 'C' };
  int tones[] = { 1915, 1700, 1519, 1432, 1275, 1136, 1014, 956 };
  
  for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    if (names[i] == note) {
      playTone(tones[i], duration);
    }
  }
}

void setup() {
  pinMode(speakerPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    if (notes[i] == ' ') {
      delay(beats[i] * tempo);
    } else {
      playNote(notes[i], beats[i] * tempo);
    }
    delay(tempo / 2); 
  }
}

 

　

　

　

슈퍼마리오

/*
  Arduino Mario Bros Tunes
  With Piezo Buzzer and PWM
 
  Connect the positive side of the Buzzer to pin 3,
  then the negative side to a 1k ohm resistor. Connect
  the other side of the 1 k ohm resistor to
  ground(GND) pin on the Arduino.
 
  by: Dipto Pratyaksa
  last updated: 31/3/13
*/
 
/*************************************************
 * Public Constants
 *************************************************/
 
#define NOTE_B0  31
#define NOTE_C1  33
#define NOTE_CS1 35
#define NOTE_D1  37
#define NOTE_DS1 39
#define NOTE_E1  41
#define NOTE_F1  44
#define NOTE_FS1 46
#define NOTE_G1  49
#define NOTE_GS1 52
#define NOTE_A1  55
#define NOTE_AS1 58
#define NOTE_B1  62
#define NOTE_C2  65
#define NOTE_CS2 69
#define NOTE_D2  73
#define NOTE_DS2 78
#define NOTE_E2  82
#define NOTE_F2  87
#define NOTE_FS2 93
#define NOTE_G2  98
#define NOTE_GS2 104
#define NOTE_A2  110
#define NOTE_AS2 117
#define NOTE_B2  123
#define NOTE_C3  131
#define NOTE_CS3 139
#define NOTE_D3  147
#define NOTE_DS3 156
#define NOTE_E3  165
#define NOTE_F3  175
#define NOTE_FS3 185
#define NOTE_G3  196
#define NOTE_GS3 208
#define NOTE_A3  220
#define NOTE_AS3 233
#define NOTE_B3  247
#define NOTE_C4  262
#define NOTE_CS4 277
#define NOTE_D4  294
#define NOTE_DS4 311
#define NOTE_E4  330
#define NOTE_F4  349
#define NOTE_FS4 370
#define NOTE_G4  392
#define NOTE_GS4 415
#define NOTE_A4  440
#define NOTE_AS4 466
#define NOTE_B4  494
#define NOTE_C5  523
#define NOTE_CS5 554
#define NOTE_D5  587
#define NOTE_DS5 622
#define NOTE_E5  659
#define NOTE_F5  698
#define NOTE_FS5 740
#define NOTE_G5  784
#define NOTE_GS5 831
#define NOTE_A5  880
#define NOTE_AS5 932
#define NOTE_B5  988
#define NOTE_C6  1047
#define NOTE_CS6 1109
#define NOTE_D6  1175
#define NOTE_DS6 1245
#define NOTE_E6  1319
#define NOTE_F6  1397
#define NOTE_FS6 1480
#define NOTE_G6  1568
#define NOTE_GS6 1661
#define NOTE_A6  1760
#define NOTE_AS6 1865
#define NOTE_B6  1976
#define NOTE_C7  2093
#define NOTE_CS7 2217
#define NOTE_D7  2349
#define NOTE_DS7 2489
#define NOTE_E7  2637
#define NOTE_F7  2794
#define NOTE_FS7 2960
#define NOTE_G7  3136
#define NOTE_GS7 3322
#define NOTE_A7  3520
#define NOTE_AS7 3729
#define NOTE_B7  3951
#define NOTE_C8  4186
#define NOTE_CS8 4435
#define NOTE_D8  4699
#define NOTE_DS8 4978
 
#define melodyPin 3
//Mario main theme melody
int melody[] = {
  NOTE_E7, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_E7,
  0, NOTE_C7, NOTE_E7, 0,
  NOTE_G7, 0, 0,  0,
  NOTE_G6, 0, 0, 0,
 
  NOTE_C7, 0, 0, NOTE_G6,
  0, 0, NOTE_E6, 0,
  0, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_B6,
  0, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_A6, 0,
 
  NOTE_G6, NOTE_E7, NOTE_G7,
  NOTE_A7, 0, NOTE_F7, NOTE_G7,
  0, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_C7,
  NOTE_D7, NOTE_B6, 0, 0,
 
  NOTE_C7, 0, 0, NOTE_G6,
  0, 0, NOTE_E6, 0,
  0, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_B6,
  0, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_A6, 0,
 
  NOTE_G6, NOTE_E7, NOTE_G7,
  NOTE_A7, 0, NOTE_F7, NOTE_G7,
  0, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_C7,
  NOTE_D7, NOTE_B6, 0, 0
};
//Mario main them tempo
int tempo[] = {
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
 
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
 
  9, 9, 9,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
 
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
 
  9, 9, 9,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
};
//Underworld melody
int underworld_melody[] = {
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_C5, NOTE_A3, NOTE_A4,
  NOTE_AS3, NOTE_AS4, 0,
  0,
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_C5, NOTE_A3, NOTE_A4,
  NOTE_AS3, NOTE_AS4, 0,
  0,
  NOTE_F3, NOTE_F4, NOTE_D3, NOTE_D4,
  NOTE_DS3, NOTE_DS4, 0,
  0,
  NOTE_F3, NOTE_F4, NOTE_D3, NOTE_D4,
  NOTE_DS3, NOTE_DS4, 0,
  0, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_CS4, NOTE_D4,
  NOTE_CS4, NOTE_DS4,
  NOTE_DS4, NOTE_GS3,
  NOTE_G3, NOTE_CS4,
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_FS4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_E3, NOTE_AS4, NOTE_A4,
  NOTE_GS4, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_B3,
  NOTE_AS3, NOTE_A3, NOTE_GS3,
  0, 0, 0
};
//Underwolrd tempo
int underworld_tempo[] = {
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 6,
  3,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 6,
  3,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 6,
  3,
  12, 12, 12, 12,
  12, 12, 6,
  6, 18, 18, 18,
  6, 6,
  6, 6,
  6, 6,
  18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18,
  10, 10, 10,
  10, 10, 10,
  3, 3, 3
};
 
void setup(void)
{
  pinMode(3, OUTPUT);//buzzer
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);//led indicator when singing a note
 
}
void loop()
{
  //sing the tunes
  sing(1);
  sing(1);
  sing(2);
}
int song = 0;
 
void sing(int s) {
  // iterate over the notes of the melody:
  song = s;
  if (song == 2) {
    Serial.println(" 'Underworld Theme'");
    int size = sizeof(underworld_melody) / sizeof(int);
    for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < size; thisNote++) {
 
      // to calculate the note duration, take one second
      // divided by the note type.
      //e.g. quarter note = 1000 / 4, eighth note = 1000/8, etc.
      int noteDuration = 1000 / underworld_tempo[thisNote];
 
      buzz(melodyPin, underworld_melody[thisNote], noteDuration);
 
      // to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.
      // the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:
      int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
      delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
 
      // stop the tone playing:
      buzz(melodyPin, 0, noteDuration);
 
    }
 
  } else {
 
    Serial.println(" 'Mario Theme'");
    int size = sizeof(melody) / sizeof(int);
    for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < size; thisNote++) {
 
      // to calculate the note duration, take one second
      // divided by the note type.
      //e.g. quarter note = 1000 / 4, eighth note = 1000/8, etc.
      int noteDuration = 1000 / tempo[thisNote];
 
      buzz(melodyPin, melody[thisNote], noteDuration);
 
      // to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.
      // the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:
      int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
      delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
 
      // stop the tone playing:
      buzz(melodyPin, 0, noteDuration);
 
    }
  }
}
 
void buzz(int targetPin, long frequency, long length) {
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  long delayValue = 1000000 / frequency / 2; // calculate the delay value between transitions
  //// 1 second's worth of microseconds, divided by the frequency, then split in half since
  //// there are two phases to each cycle
  long numCycles = frequency * length / 1000; // calculate the number of cycles for proper timing
  //// multiply frequency, which is really cycles per second, by the number of seconds to
  //// get the total number of cycles to produce
  for (long i = 0; i < numCycles; i++) { // for the calculated length of time...
    digitalWrite(targetPin, HIGH); // write the buzzer pin high to push out the diaphram
    delayMicroseconds(delayValue); // wait for the calculated delay value
    digitalWrite(targetPin, LOW); // write the buzzer pin low to pull back the diaphram
    delayMicroseconds(delayValue); // wait again or the calculated delay value
  }
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
 
}

 

　

　

　

스타워즈

/* Star Wars Song Selector
 * -----------
 *
 * Program to choose between two melodies by using a potentiometer and a piezo buzzer.
 * Inspired by: https://code.google.com/p/rbots/source/browse/trunk/StarterKit/Lesson5_PiezoPlayMelody/Lesson5_PiezoPlayMelody.pde
 */
 
// TONES //
// Defining the relationship between note, period & frequency. 
 
// period is in microsecond so P = 1/f * (1E6)
 
#define  c3    7634
#define  d3    6803
#define  e3    6061
#define  f3    5714
#define  g3    5102
#define  a3    4545
#define  b3    4049
#define  c4    3816    // 261 Hz 
#define  d4    3401    // 294 Hz 
#define  e4    3030    // 329 Hz 
#define  f4    2865    // 349 Hz 
#define  g4    2551    // 392 Hz 
#define  a4    2272    // 440 Hz 
#define  a4s   2146
#define  b4    2028    // 493 Hz 
#define  c5    1912    // 523 Hz
#define  d5    1706
#define  d5s   1608
#define  e5    1517    // 659 Hz
#define  f5    1433    // 698 Hz
#define  g5    1276
#define  a5    1136
#define  a5s   1073
#define  b5    1012
#define  c6    955
 
#define  R     0      // Define a special note, 'R', to represent a rest
 
 
// SETUP //
 
int speakerOut = 7;    // Set up speaker on digital pin 7
int potPin = A0;      // Set up potentiometer on analogue pin 0.
 
 
void setup() { 
  pinMode(speakerOut, OUTPUT);
    Serial.begin(9600); // Set serial out if we want debugging
  } 
//}
 
// MELODIES and TIMING //
//  melody[] is an array of notes, accompanied by beats[], 
//  which sets each note's relative length (higher #, longer note) 
 
// Melody 1: Star Wars Imperial March
int melody1[] = {  a4, R,  a4, R,  a4, R,  f4, R, c5, R,  a4, R,  f4, R, c5, R, a4, R,  e5, R,  e5, R,  e5, R,  f5, R, c5, R,  g5, R,  f5, R,  c5, R, a4, R};
int beats1[]  = {  50, 20, 50, 20, 50, 20, 40, 5, 20, 5,  60, 10, 40, 5, 20, 5, 60, 80, 50, 20, 50, 20, 50, 20, 40, 5, 20, 5,  60, 10, 40, 5,  20, 5, 60, 40};
 
// Melody 2: Star Wars Theme
int melody2[] = {  f4,  f4, f4,  a4s,   f5,  d5s,  d5,  c5, a5s, f5, d5s,  d5,  c5, a5s, f5, d5s, d5, d5s,   c5};
int beats2[]  = {  21,  21, 21,  128,  128,   21,  21,  21, 128, 64,  21,  21,  21, 128, 64,  21, 21,  21, 128 }; 
 
int MAX_COUNT = sizeof(melody1) / 2; // Melody length, for looping.
 
long tempo = 10000; // Set overall tempo
 
int pause = 1000; // Set length of pause between notes
 
int rest_count = 50; // Loop variable to increase Rest length (BLETCHEROUS HACK; See NOTES)
 
// Initialize core variables
int toneM = 0;
int beat = 0;
long duration  = 0;
int potVal = 0;
 
// PLAY TONE  //
// Pulse the speaker to play a tone for a particular duration
void playTone() {
  long elapsed_time = 0;
  if (toneM > 0) { // if this isn't a Rest beat, while the tone has 
    //  played less long than 'duration', pulse speaker HIGH and LOW
    while (elapsed_time < duration) {
 
      digitalWrite(speakerOut,HIGH);
      delayMicroseconds(toneM / 2);
 
      // DOWN
      digitalWrite(speakerOut, LOW);
      delayMicroseconds(toneM / 2);
 
      // Keep track of how long we pulsed
      elapsed_time += (toneM);
    } 
  }
  else { // Rest beat; loop times delay
    for (int j = 0; j < rest_count; j++) { // See NOTE on rest_count
      delayMicroseconds(duration);  
    }                                
  }                                 
}
 
// LOOP //
void loop() {
  potVal = analogRead(potPin); //Read potentiometer value and store in potVal variable
  Serial.println(potVal); // Print potVal in serial monitor
  
  if (potVal < 511) { // If potVal is less than 511, play Melody1...
  
  // Set up a counter to pull from melody1[] and beats1[]
  for (int i=0; i<MAX_COUNT; i++) {
    toneM = melody1[i];
    beat = beats1[i];
 
    duration = beat * tempo; // Set up timing
 
    playTone(); // A pause between notes
    delayMicroseconds(pause);
    }
  }
  else    // ... else play Melody2
for (int i=0; i<MAX_COUNT; i++) {
    toneM = melody2[i];
    beat = beats2[i];
 
    duration = beat * tempo; // Set up timing
 
    playTone(); // A pause between notes
    delayMicroseconds(pause);
    }
  }

 

　

　

　

징글벨

int speakerPin = 8;
int length = 26;
char notes[] = "eeeeeeegcde fffffeeeeddedg";
int beats[] = { 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2};

int tempo = 300;
void playTone(int tone, int duration) {
  for (long i = 0; i < duration * 1000L; i += tone * 2) {
    digitalWrite(speakerPin, HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(tone);
    digitalWrite(speakerPin, LOW);
    delayMicroseconds(tone);
  }
}
void playNote(char note, int duration) {
  char names[] = { 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'a', 'b', 'C' };
  int tones[] = { 1915, 1700, 1519, 1432, 1275, 1136, 1014, 956 };
  
  // play the tone corresponding to the note name
  for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    if (names[i] == note) {
      playTone(tones[i], duration);
    }
  }
}
void setup() {
  pinMode(speakerPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    if (notes[i] == ' ') {
      delay(beats[i] * tempo); // rest
    } else {
      playNote(notes[i], beats[i] * tempo);
    }
    
    // pause between notes
    delay(tempo / 2); 
  }
}

 

　

　

　

젤다의 전설

/* This code is derived from:
 * http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Melody
 * This plays the chest noise from the Legend of Zelda on a piezo buzzer connected to pin 9 and ground. It has been tuned to a buzzer I had on hand, but you may want to adjust the values, testing against a tuner.
 */
  
int speakerPin = 8;
const int switchPin = 1;

char notes[] = "gabygabyxzCDxzCDabywabywzCDEzCDEbywFCDEqywFGDEqi        azbC";
int length = sizeof(notes); // the number of notes
int beats[] = { 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1, 2,3,3,16,};
int tempo = 75;

void playTone(int tone, int duration) {
  for (long i = 0; i < duration * 1000L; i += tone * 2) {
    digitalWrite(speakerPin, HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(tone);
    digitalWrite(speakerPin, LOW);
    delayMicroseconds(tone);
  }
}

void playNote(char note, int duration) {
  char names[] = { 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'x', 'a', 'z', 'b', 'C', 'y', 'D', 'w', 'E', 'F', 'q', 'G', 'i' };
  // c=C4, C = C5. These values have been tuned.
  int tones[] = { 1898, 1690, 1500, 1420, 1265, 1194, 1126, 1063, 1001, 947, 893, 843, 795, 749, 710, 668, 630, 594 };
   
  for (int i = 0; i < 18; i++) {
    if (names[i] == note) {
      playTone(tones[i], duration);
    }
  }
}

void setup() {
pinMode(switchPin, INPUT);
digitalWrite(switchPin, HIGH);
}

void loop() {
  pinMode(speakerPin, OUTPUT);
  if (digitalRead(switchPin) == 1) {
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
    if (notes[i] == ' ') {
      delay(beats[i] * tempo); 
    } else {
      playNote(notes[i], beats[i] * tempo);
    }
    
    delay(tempo / 2); 
  }
  }
  delay(100);
}

 

　

　

　

생일 축하노래

//ONG LIT YIT 2013-07-20
//This following code plays happy birthday melody on Arduino
//Put Piezo Buzzer on GDN and 9 (Positive and negative are reversible)
//this project requires a Piezo Buzzer and

// an Arduino board and

//jumper wires to connect Buzzer's (+) to ~9 and (-) to GND (any GND)

//HAVE FUN

//this project requires a Piezo Buzzer and

// an Arduino board and

//jumper wires to connect Buzzer's (+) to ~9 and (-) to GND (any GND)

//HAVE FUN

int speakerPin = 9;

int length = 28; // the number of notes

char notes[] = "GGAGcB GGAGdc GGxecBA yyecdc";

int beats[] = { 2, 2, 8, 8, 8, 16, 1, 2, 2, 8, 8,8, 16, 1, 2,2,8,8,8,8,16, 1,2,2,8,8,8,16 };

int tempo = 150;

void playTone(int tone, int duration) {

 for (long i = 0; i < duration * 1000L; i += tone * 2) {

   digitalWrite(speakerPin, HIGH);

   delayMicroseconds(tone);

   digitalWrite(speakerPin, LOW);

   delayMicroseconds(tone);

 }

}

void playNote(char note, int duration) {

 char names[] = {'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'A', 'B',           

                 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'a', 'b',

                 'x', 'y' };

 int tones[] = { 1915, 1700, 1519, 1432, 1275, 1136, 1014,

                 956,  834,  765,  593,  468,  346,  224,

                 655 , 715 };

 int SPEE = 5;

 // play the tone corresponding to the note name

 for (int i = 0; i < 17; i++) {

   if (names[i] == note) {
    int newduration = duration/SPEE;
     playTone(tones[i], newduration);

   }

 }

}

void setup() {

 pinMode(speakerPin, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {

 for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

   if (notes[i] == ' ') {

     delay(beats[i] * tempo); // rest

   } else {

     playNote(notes[i], beats[i] * tempo);

   }

   // pause between notes

   delay(tempo);

 }

}

 

kocoafabeditor

항상 진취적이고, 새로운 것을 추구하는 코코아팹 에디터입니다!

피에조 부저, 아두이노, 오렌지보드